How much data is on the drive already?

Sector by sector only occurs when the original drive has errors. Sector by sector will take the source drive and attempt to clone to the same size on the target. I don't recommend it, and it wouldn't work because your drives aren't the same size (as you noticed).

I'd scan the drive for errors using Windows' tools. If that still won't fix it so you could clone to a different target size, I'd perform a clean install and transfer the data over. Make sure to use Teracopy (it's free) to avoid copying and halting on files with errors.

resize the mechanical boot drive partition to the same size as the SSD (make a backup first)
 
You will need to do this FIRST: How to: Create a Recovery Drive for reinstalling Windows 10
 
 new size of C:\ 500 Gig then your D:\ would be the remainder of the HD, I'd bet there is a hidden restore partition on your drive
 
Did you install the SSD and then clone the drives - make the stock drive external if need be
 
How To Make Partitions In Windows 10
 
How to shrink a partition in Windows 10
 
Windows 10: Shrink Volume or Partition in Windows 10
 
How can I shrink a Windows 10 partition?
(excerpt)
I use a big single partition on a 1TB platter drive with Windows 10. I would like to shrink the partition down so that I can mirror the drive to a smaller but faster 256GB SSD

nateman_doo
I just bought an HP laptop, and it came with a generic 5700 RPM 2TB HDD.  I want to install a 500GB SSD.  I tried cloning the drive but when I put it in, the laptop wouldn't boot.  I know the data is there, I can see it on my standard win7 desktop.
 
I read I am supposed to click sector by sector write, but since the drives are different size, that doesn't work.
 
How do I make this cloned drive bootable.  Explain it like I am 5 since I have never done this.  I have both drives in external enclosures to make the transfer of info easier.  Much thanks for the help!  

Check the disk settings in the bios of the laptop: is it set as a IDE or ACH? FAT32 or NTFS? keep in mind most SDD is set by default as ACH not IDE.
 
let me know how it works. From my personal experience, i just clone when hardware are the same specs with different brand or same. It seems to be more effective.
 
P.S.:  Resizing the drive might help

NazcaC2
Atfrico: That won't change unless the BIOS was reset. Changing it without using the OS and going into Safe Mode (Windows 10), and it won't boot anyways. It's a separate issue.

ACH should be AHCI but I know what you meant. There's also RAID and RST.

The BIOS should be reset specially when putting a SDD from a Generic 2TB HDD. Most laptops are configured differently, probably the 2TB was set as RAID partition or differently. and thank you for correcting me, I meant AHCI.  
 
NatemaDoo:
 
I would suggest to start as a fresh install. you will have less headaches.

Have you tried MiniTool Partition Wizard? Follow this, but use the copy disk option instead of migrate os. I've used it several times to clone a HDD to a SSD for laptops.
 
https://forums.evga.com/FindPost/2827048

Great to hear that the repair worked and you were able to clone.

Going from HDD to SSD is definitely one of the best quality of life improvements one can make for their laptop. Glad you got it figured out. Yes, it is usually a smoother process when you initiate the clone from within the source OS.
 
For future reference if you clone a drive from outside the source OS, often times the boot sector needs to be fixed on the new drive. You can do this by running two commands from the hidden command prompt that you can access by making a bootable USB or disc using the Windows 10 installation ISO (with the new drive already installed into the system of course). You would then boot into the Windows installation media and hit shift+f10 to open the hidden command prompt then run 'bootrec.exe /fixmbr' and 'bootrec.exe /fixboot' from the command prompt. This will usually do the trick. So as you can see, it's much easier to just clone a drive from within the source OS than have to do these repairs.