Thank you for your responses :)
Yes I cleaned everything right.
I re-installed the retail air cooler on one of the cards and the error is still there.
It's like the card is "locked" and triggers an error as soon as the PC starts. The motherboard doesn't boot and shows error B2 (or 62 it's hard tot tell) on a Maximus Apex IX. The white VGA LED is also on.
On my other PC (Asus ROG Strix X570), the error code is 97 and there's also the white VGA LED on...