I finally got this all working. Linux boots from the PCIex drive on X58 using a small grub based bootloader on a USB drive which has just the Linux kernel and the initrd.
The speeds I am getting with Patriot Hellfire 480GB M.2 are 1.5GB/sec sequential read and 650MB/sec sequential write, which are both very good in my books, considering X58 is limited to only 2GB/sec on x4. I am getting 3 times faster reads and 1.5 times faster writes than my earlier Crucial M500, which I moved a laptop. So, plenty happy with that. This and the memory upgrade has added about 2 more years to this OC'ed machine. I have no reason to upgrade as yet.